In the 70’s, bicyclists only had a cable and padlock to secure their bicycles. Without the U-locks and chains of today, bike planners developed a classification system that is still in use today in some cities
Definition- Allows the frame to be securely locked.
Now referred to as Short-Term, this remains the standard in bicycle racks (and bike parking today). It is also what may separate a commercial bike rack (u-lock compatible) from a low security rack like a grid-style. Its use generally is considered best for parking less than two hours at a time.
Definition- Allows the bike frame and wheels to be securely locked.
This classification was written to protect commuters while attempting to reduce costs and space use from class I.
In recent years this classification has become somewhat meaningless, because the intention was for a full mechanical enclosure. These mechanical, moving-part racks were doomed by breakdowns, high costs, and were not user-friendly. They have mostly disappeared.
Today, manufacturers attach cables to a standard commercial rack that can be cut as easily as cables purchased by consumers. The result is neither what was intended by the classification nor aesthetically attractive.
Definition- Provides full, secure enclosure of bicycle and equipment from theft, vandalism, and weather.
Now referred to as Long-Term, this classification is a great choice for commuters or others parking for hours at a time, day after day. Bike lockers are sill the most cost effective means of Long-term parking, but semi- and full- service bicycle centers are beginning to spring up across the U.S.

Bike station at Millennium Park in Chicago
Full service Midtown Bike Center in Minneapolis